[๋ฌธ์ œํ’€์ด/ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ์Šค] ์„์œ  ์‹œ์ถ”(feat. BFS)
ยท
์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜
๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ์ตœ๋‹จ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ํƒ์ƒ‰์ด๋ผ๋˜์ง€, ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ด์„œ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ๋Š” Binary Search, ๊นŠ์ด์šฐ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰(DFS, Depth First Search), ๋„ˆ๋น„์šฐ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰(BFS, Breadth First Search) ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋งŽ์ด ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ DFS๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ BFS๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ BFS ์œ„์ฃผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ๋ฐ, ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ๋‹จ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ํƒ์ƒ‰, ์ตœ์†Œ ํšŸ์ˆ˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰, ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธ๋“œ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ๋“ฑ ์ด์ „ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ํŠน์ • ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ BFS๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BFS๋Š” ํƒ์ƒ‰ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์นด์šดํŒ… ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ง•๊ตฌ๋ถ„BFSDFSํƒ์ƒ‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ..